A new study reveals that classic selfish mining strategies have become obsolete compared to an attack that exploits disjoint private forks and far surpasses traditional attacks on a single chain.
The described technique proposes maintaining multiple private branches disconnected from each other instead of a single hidden chain. Experiments conducted with the Storm model checker show that even simple configurations achieve a higher expected relative revenue ERRev compared to honest mining and classic selfish mining variants.
The results indicate that the attack remains effective for the entire range of difficulty change probability values and resource advantages, highlighting critical vulnerabilities in chains based on efficient proof systems. This finding is not intended to facilitate practical exploitation but to alert about theoretical risks that must be addressed by the security community and protocol developers.
Implications for blockchain security include the need to review fork choice rules, strengthen network control mechanisms, and design incentives that discourage strategies relying on multiple private information. High-level mitigation recommendations are to improve detection of anomalous block publication patterns, tighten propagation latency, and reassess chain reorganization criteria, always without providing operational instructions to carry out attacks.
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